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Prediction of hazards caused by faults in tunnel alignments (Case sttudy: The third part of Tehran- North Freeway)
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Jafar Hassanpour *  , Fatemeh Shayan , Ali Uromeihy |
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Abstract: (8 Views) |
Objective: The construction of long and deep tunnels in mountainous areas where complex tectonic structures such as fault zones are active, is associated with geological challenges and excavation difficulties. On the other hand, studying the geological and geotechnical characteristics of the fault rocks is challenging because of the difficulty of sampling and their heterogeneous nature. Therefore, detection of faults and prediction of their behavior in tunnel excavation are of great importance. Accurate prediction of these behaviors can be effective in preventing long term delays and increasing time and cost.
Method: In this paper, we attempted to identify the most important faults in tunnel projects in the third zone of Tehran- North Freeway and to classify the faults them using a new geological hazards classification framework, recently proposed for the long and deep tunneling projects. In this classification, the probability of occurrence of major geological hazards related to fault zones in tunneling projects including water inflow, collapse of tunnel, instability of the tunnel face and squeezing are evaluated based on effective parameters such as lithology, rock quality, overburden, tunnel diameter, fault specifications and relative orientation of fault.
Results: The estimated geological hazard indices for each of the important identified faults in the project including, DashteNazir- Nater, Chiten- Dozbon and MarzanAbad faults show that these faults will considered as serious challenges for tunnels through them including tunnels no. 1 , 6 and 10. Among these faults, Chiten- Dozbon fault is is known as the most challenging fault zone.
Conclusions: Based on the results of evaluation and prediction of this study the identified faults are classified as extremely problematic and very problematic faults. Therefore, it is suggested to consider necessary arrangements during construction for crossing these critical fault zones. |
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| Keywords: Fault Zone, Fault Classification, Geological Hazaards, Tunneling. |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2026/01/31 | Accepted: 2026/01/31
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